The draft version of Human Genome was published 15 years ago, all in 2003 (13 years ago). What, according to somebody, is this project "costly from the face lining" worth it (3.3 billion dollars)? I think it was worth it. You ask why?For one thing, money is made from paper. It will be so or so. Often times unnecessary. However, the money spent on this project would have gone to a few issues, at least if the curiosity of the human being was little. I will write this at the end of my writing.
But come a little history about the first draft of the Human Genome Project we celebrate at the 15th year: at the end of the 1980s the idea of determining the human genome sequence was put forward. But many scientists have argued that such a project would be pointless, arguing that the majority of the human genome "came from a garbage DNA that was not functioning". Besides, only 10 people would get out the genomic sequence, and that would represent all the people!
Nevertheless, it was decided to launch this project, which would cost billions of dollars by technology at that time.
According to some, even if most of the "garbage DNA" is in our genome, the determination of what this garbage DNA does in it is enough to make this plant.
Two different projects were launched at the beginning of the 1990s to identify the letters that make up the human genome (biologists call it the "genome sequence").
(Library: Archives of the Human Genome Series of the Wellcome Trust cataloged the number and sequence of the letters in the haploid genome (ie 23 chromosomes) from a total of 4 letters (A, T, G, C), ie the largest chromosome is chromosome 1. Therefore, And 9 volumes of books, each 1000 pages in number).The International Human Genome Project (IGHP) published a draft of the human genome on January 15, 2001, and a private organization, Celera Genomics, published its draft on the 16th, February 2001 issue of Science one day later.
IGHP reported that 50% of the human genome, as expected, was composed of repetitive sequences. It was determined that 90% of these recurved flats consisted of "splashed" or "transposons", also known as "moving" sequences. The 11 pages of his books devoted to describing these repetition sequences and their evolution.
These obscure sequences, known as garbage or waste, were already well known by scientists, who mainly expressed a lot for the biological phenomenon and paleontologically had many interesting events.
As for the cost of the job: indeed, about 3.3 billion dollars was spent to uncover the sketches I mentioned above. It is known that our genome (haploid, that is, 23 chromosomes from our mother or our father) is about 3.3 billion base pairs.
This means that $ 1 was spent to identify each genetic letter. Big money anyway! For this reason, the human genome project has been reacted by many scientists.
One of the most important findings of this project was related to our gene count. It has been seen that the person considered as the most complicated of all living things is not so superior in terms of number of genes. We had about 25 thousand people. This number was not much more than the number of genes of a simple earthworm (Caenorhabditis elegans). There was even a water piresi (dafnia) with about 30,000 genes carrying more genes than we have.I have written here how many genes are in the human genome and the general description. I will not stand on it again.Of course this most important finding of the progeny was again caused by the reactions. Because if the human genome is made up of large series of nonsense or garbage sequences, the number of genes should not be too large already. A simple mathematical account could reveal this.The discovery of fewer generations compared to many animals (even plantlets) would have a great impact on the greatness of humanity? No…
Our difference was somewhere else. There are protein varieties that we do not know yet.
It is thought that one has a much richer protein profile than other living things. But there is a problem. If genes are encoding proteins, how do we have such a rich protein diversity with a small number of genes? Although there are some evidences such as the blurring of the sequences expressed in this subject and alternative expression, we are very far from this point of view.Whatever ... A chronological explanation of the Human Genome Project and its predecessor has been made in the following picture and we will come to the conclusion of this project which is our main position on this subject more and more ...
With further studies using this strain results, we now know about 2000 diseases at the gene level, and many of them can be identified by genetic testing.
Through the project, genomic sequencing tools have developed and changed today, and a genome sequence cost about 1 million times cheaper today ($ 3300 / genome).
So, if you want to determine the order of all your genomes, you can do this by paying $ 3000 from the sample that you will take with ear tubes. In the next few years this figure is estimated to be around $ 1,000.
If this amount exceeds your budget, you can determine your genetic background (more Asia, Europe, or any other mix of them) by giving $ 300 ($ 100).
In the coming period, our journey to the unknown genome will continue at the highest level. In a similar project, ending in 2015, on the subject of human genome diversity, a genome sequence of 2500 individuals from 26 different associations of the world was created. When compared to the reference human genome, 2,500 individuals, with varying numbers of individuals, were found to see a four-fold difference in genome. These differences make us different.
The picture below shows the number of genomes ranked for different living species 5 years ago, 10 years after the determination of the human genome sequence. With the development of technology and cheapness, this area seems to be a complete explosion.
However, the result of the genomic studies is that the information and the meaning of the bullion that is revealed must be understood. For this, not the machines, people will need more of the brain power.
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